Liner for internal combustion engines



June 11. 1940. K. WILCKEN ET AL 3, 5

LINER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 1 Filed April 15,1939 g PatentedJune Ill, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LINER. FOR INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINES Karl Wilcken and Franz Kliempt, DessamWalter Fritz,Dessau-Ziebigln; and Wilhelm Heck, Dessau, Germany, assignors to JunkersFlugzeugund-Motorenwerke, Aktiengesellschaft, a corporation of Germany 6Application April 15, 1939, Serial No. 268,102

In Germany April 16, 1938 the liners expand and distort under the heatfrom wall I1 is detachably secured to the jacket by any 5 the combustiongases and the friction from the conventional means, as by the boltsshown. Bepistons. Joint separation thus occurs despite the tween liners4 and 6, said liners being of differuse of joint packing and gaskets,and the eflient diameter as shown, a connecting member I8 ciency of theengine is lowered by loss of comis inserted, liners 4 and 6 bearingagainst oppopresslon, site faces of member l8, the joints being sealedby 10 It is an object of the invention to construct a any heat-resistingpacking material as shown at cylinder liner for an internal combustionen- 20 and 22. Member I8 is in freely slidable engine, which liner ismovable without distortion gagement with embossment 24 formed on theinfrom expansion due to the heat of the combusner surface of jacket 2.Liner 6 is provided with tion gases within the cylinder. projections 26which are slidably mounted against Another object of the invention is tomount embossment 28 on the inner surface of jacket 2. cylinder liners inan engine so that simple joint The joint between projection 26 andembossment packings can be used and maintained. 26 may be sealed at 36against the passage of Another object of the invention is to constructliquid from the cooling space between cylinder 9 a cylinder. whichcontains at least two cylinder liners 4 and 6 and jacket 2. Springmembers 32 liners of different sizes, and in which said liners extendbetween the inner surface of end wall II are movable without distortionfrom expansion adjacent bore .16 and the projections 26 to urge due tothe combustion heat generated within the the liner 6 toward opposite endwall'l of jacket 2. cylinders. The device is assembled and operates asfol- 5 A further object of the invention is to make a lows:

tight connection between two different sized lin- Liner 4 is insertedinto jacket 2 and seated on ers in an internal combustion engine, theconpacking 12 on rabbeted edge In. Connecting nection not beingdistortable under the heat of member I8 is then inserted into the jacketand is combustion within the cylinders. packed at 20 with respect toliner 4. Liner 6 is 0 A further object oi the invention is to maintheninserted into the jacket. Liners 4 and 6, 30

tain a tight packing between the connected ends together with member l8,are longitudinally movof two different sized cylinder liners in aninterable within jacket 2. Springs 32 are inserted tonal combustionengine. gether with liner 6, which springs bear against Generally theobjects of this invention are obflange 26 and force liner 6 intoengagement with 5 tained by coaxially mounting two cylinder liners,connecting member l8 and liner 4, and keep both 35 which may beofdiiferent diameters, within the liners and the connecting member infirm and water jacket of an internal combustion engine, positiveengagement with one another. The liner and separating the two liners bya member 4 is shown of less length than the liner 6 and, against whicheither one or both liners are rebecause of its less length, has athicker wall than 0 siliently pressed. The resilient pressing allowsliner 6. The liner is thus able to withstand the the liners to expandlongitudinally under the heat pressure of the springs 32 urging theliner 6 and developed in the combustion chambers, and reconnectingmember I8 against liner 4. main sealed tightly against the connectingmem- Heat developed in the cylinder from the comber. bustion gases andthe friction of the pistons 15 These and other objects of the inventionwill causes the liners to expand. This expansion be more fullyunderstood by reference to the actakes place primarily longitudinally ofthe liners, p y g drawing, in which: and if the liners were rigidlyjoined to the jacket Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view of a water jacketI and to each other, they would distort and buckle, enclosing linersaccording to one form of the. inand the seal given by the packings wouldbe der .0 vention; l stroyed. The construction of the instant inven-Fig. 52 is a similar cross sectional view of a modition allows theliners and the intermediate memiled form of the invention; and her tomove longitudinally of the jacket, and Fig. 3 is another similar crosssectional view 01 therefore expansion of the liners can take placeanother modified form of the invention. toward and against thesprings32, it being noted is In Fig. 1, a water jacket 2 encloses liners4 that liner 6 projects through the end wall of the 55 and 6 in thecylinder of an internal combustion jacket so that there is norestriction to the moveengine. One end wall I of jacket 2 is bored at 6ment of the assembled pieces 4, I8 and 6.

l to forman opening coincident with the opening The arrangement is ofvery simple constructhrough liner 4. The inner surface of wall 1 surtionand allows an effective seal to be main-- m rounding opening 6 israbbeted at III for the "re- 00 8 Claims.

This invention is directed to cylinder liners for combustion enginesprovides difllculties in that ception of packing material l2, againstwhich the ,end I4 of liner 4 bears.

Opposite bore 8, a coaxial bore I6 is formed in jacket end wall l'lthrough which one end of liner 6 projects. End

tained between liners 4 and 6, the distortion of having the smalldiameter may also have a lesser ness.

the joint between these two different sized liners under the action ofheat and friction developed within the combustion chamber being avoided.The springs 32 are merely illustrative of one form of resilient meansfor urging liner 8 toward liner 4. Obviously equivalent resilient meanscan be employed.

Fig. 2 shows a construction in which the liner wall thickness than theliner with the larger diameter, and yet be resiliently pressed withoutharm against an intermediate connecting mem ber. In this figure thewater jacket is shown at 42, in which liner 44, of small diameter andlittle wall thickness, is axially aligned with liner 46, of largerdiameter and greater wall thick- The two liners are interconnected byintermediate member 48 which is freely and longitudinally slidablewithin jacket 42 and which normally bears against an annular flange 58projecting inwardly from the inner wall of jacket 42. Liner 44 isprovided with an annular flange 52 which slidably bears againstembossment 54 on the inner surface of jacket 42. Springs 56 extendbetween the end wall of the jacket 42 and the flange 52 for urging theflange and the liner 44 against connecting member 48. In a similarmanner liner 46 is provided with annular flange 58 which slidably bearsagainst embossment 68 on the inner surface of jacket 42, said flange andliner being resiliently urged toward intermediate member 48 by springs62. Springs 62 are made stronger than springs 56 so that intermediatemember 48 is normally tightly engaged against flange 50. In thisconstruction, the connection between the ends of liners 44 and 46 andthe intermediate member is made in the nature of a ball and socketjoint, the cylindrical surfaces having center points C and C,respectively, which lie on the longitudinal axis of the liners 44 and46, and respectively directed towards the ends of the liners away fromthe connecting member 48. This allows displacement of the linerstransversely of the longitudinal axis thereof without breaking the jointbetween the liners and the intermediate member 48. Longitudinal movementof the member, of course, is provided for through the resilient actionof the springs 56 and 62, respectively.

Fig. 3 shows a construction which is similar to Fig. 2, except thatinstead of using the mov able intermediate member 48, a fixedintermediate member 12 is used. Member 12 constitutes a diaphragmintegral with jacket 42, said diaphragm being bored at its center tomake an opening continuous with the liner 44. On the surface ofdiaphragm l2 and surrounding the boring centrally thereof is an annularwall 14 which provides a means for holding the liner 44 andthe packing16 in place. face of diaphragm 12 a similar wall 18 holds liner 46 andpacking 80 in place. Thus the resilient pressure applied to liners 44and 46 is independent of the pressure applied to the other liner. Thefundamental requirement lies in the selection of a suitable packing for16 and 88. These liners must be exactly aligned in the beginning so thatno displacement transversely of the longitudinal axis can take placethrough distortions under the heat of the combustion On the oppositetoward said end wall.

chamber. In this respect, the walls "and El ensure that the longitudinalalignment of the liner is maintained.

The invention provides a very simple construction in which the liners ofan internal combustion engine ,employing pistons of different size canbe kept sealed with respect to each other and with respect to the fluidcontained in the cooling chamber.

Havingnow described the means by which the objects of the invention areobtained;

We claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine having a cooling jacket, twocylinder liners of different size coaxially aligned and mounted forlongitudinal movement within said jacket. an intermediate member mountedfor longitudinal movement Within said jacket and interposed andproviding communication between said liners, and resilient means forholding said liners into engagement with said member.

2. In an'engine as in claim 1, said resilient means comprising springsextending between a wall of said jacket and one of said liners.

3. In an engine as in claim 1, a stop element secured to the inner wallof said jacket for limiting the movement of saidmember'in one direction,said means comprising first springs between one of said liners and awall of said jacket and second springs between another wall of saidjacket and a second liner and of greater strength than said firstsprings for urging said second liner toward said stop element.

4. In an engine as in claim 1, spherical 'surface engaging means betweensaid memberand the ends of the respective liners, each spherical surfacehaving a center point on the longitudinal axis of its respectivecylinder in a direction away from said member.

5. In an internal combustion chamber having a cooling jacket includingside walls and end walls, two liners coaxially and movably mountedwithin said jacket and projecting through opposite end walls thereof, aflange secured to each of said liners, an intermediate connecting membermounted for longitudinal movement within said jacket between saidliners, and resilient members between end walls and flanges,respectively, for holding said liners against said connecting member.

6. In an engine as in claim 1, a flange secured to at least one of saidliners, and said resilient means being mounted to engage said flange.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a cooling jacket, a partitionmember mounted for longitudinal movement within said jacket, two axiallyaligned cylinders abutting opposite sides, respectively, of said member,and resilient means bearing against at least one of said cylinders forholding said cylinders into contact with said member.

8. In an engine as in claim 7, said jacket having an end wall, one ofsaid cylinders having anend thereof bearing against said end wall, andsaid resilient means bearing against the other of said cylinders andurging the same KARL WILC'KEN. FRANZ KLIEMP I. WALTER FRITZ.

WILHELM HECK.

